Chapter 22
Paul’s Defense to the Crowd
1
“vvv Brothers and fathers, listen now to my defense before you.
Ἄνδρες ἀδελφοὶ καὶ πατέρες ἀκούσατέ νυνὶ μου τῆς ἀπολογίας πρὸς ὑμᾶς Andres adelphoi kai pateres akousate nyni mou tēs apologias pros hymas — NA/TR · 1
2
[When] they heard him speak to them vvv in Hebrew…, they became even more quiet. Then [Paul] declared,
δὲ ἀκούσαντες ὅτι προσεφώνει αὐτοῖς τῇ Ἑβραΐδι διαλέκτῳ παρέσχον μᾶλλον ἡσυχίαν Καὶ φησίν de akousantes hoti prosephōnei autois tē Hebraidi dialektō pareschon mallon hēsychian Kai phēsin — NA/TR · 2
3
“I am a Jew…, born in Tarsus of Cilicia, but raised in this city. I was educated at the feet of Gamaliel in strict conformity to the law of our fathers. I was {just as} zealous for God as any of you are today.
Ἐγώ εἰμι Ἰουδαῖος ἀνὴρ γεγεννημένος ἐν Ταρσῷ τῆς Κιλικίας δὲ ἀνατεθραμμένος ἐν ταύτῃ τῇ πόλει πεπαιδευμένος παρὰ τοὺς πόδας Γαμαλιήλ ἀκρίβειαν κατὰ τοῦ νόμου πατρῴου ὑπάρχων ζηλωτὴς τοῦ Θεοῦ καθὼς πάντες ὑμεῖς ἐστε σήμερον Egō eimi Ioudaios anēr gegennēmenos en Tarsō tēs Kilikias de anatethrammenos en tautē tē polei pepaideumenos para tous podas Gamaliēl akribeian kata tou nomou patrōou hyparchōn zēlōtēs tou Theou kathōs pantes hymeis este sēmeron — NA/TR · 3
4
[I] persecuted this Way even to the death, detaining both men and women and throwing them into prison,
ὃς ἐδίωξα ταύτην τὴν Ὁδὸν ἄχρι θανάτου δεσμεύων τε ἄνδρας καὶ γυναῖκας καὶ παραδιδοὺς εἰς φυλακὰς hos ediōxa tautēn tēn Hodon achri thanatou desmeuōn te andras kai gynaikas kai paradidous eis phylakas — NA/TR · 4
5
as the high priest and the whole Council can testify about me. vvv I even obtained letters from them to [their] brothers in Damascus, [and] I was on my way to apprehend [these people]… and bring [them] to Jerusalem to be punished.
ὡς ὁ ἀρχιερεὺς καὶ τὸ πᾶν πρεσβυτέριον καὶ μαρτυρεῖ μοι καὶ δεξάμενος ἐπιστολὰς παρ’ ὧν πρὸς τοὺς ἀδελφοὺς εἰς Δαμασκὸν ἐπορευόμην δεδεμένους τοὺς ὄντας ἐκεῖσε καὶ ἄξων εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ ἵνα τιμωρηθῶσιν hōs ho archiereus kai to pan presbyterion kai martyrei moi kai dexamenos epistolas par’ hōn pros tous adelphous eis Damaskon eporeuomēn dedemenous tous ontas ekeise kai axōn eis Ierousalēm hina timōrēthōsin — NA/TR · 5
6
About noon [as] I vvv vvv was approaching Damascus, suddenly a bright light from heaven flashed around me.
περὶ μεσημβρίαν δέ Ἐγένετο μοι πορευομένῳ καὶ ἐγγίζοντι τῇ Δαμασκῷ ἐξαίφνης ἱκανὸν φῶς ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ περιαστράψαι περὶ ἐμέ peri mesēmbrian de Egeneto moi poreuomenō kai engizonti tē Damaskō exaiphnēs hikanon phōs ek tou ouranou periastrapsai peri eme — NA/TR · 6
7
- I fell to the ground and heard a voice say to me, ‘Saul, Saul, why do you persecute Me?
τε ἔπεσά εἰς τὸ ἔδαφος καὶ ἤκουσα φωνῆς λεγούσης μοι Σαοὺλ Σαούλ τί διώκεις με te epesa eis to edaphos kai ēkousa phōnēs legousēs moi Saoul Saoul ti diōkeis me — NA/TR · 7
8
‘Who are You, Lord? I asked. ‘I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom you are persecuting, He replied -.
Τίς εἶ Κύριε δὲ Ἐγὼ ἀπεκρίθην Ἐγώ εἰμι Ἰησοῦς ὁ Ναζωραῖος ὃν σὺ διώκεις τε Εἶπέν πρὸς ἐμέ Tis ei Kyrie de Egō apekrithēn Egō eimi Iēsous ho Nazōraios hon sy diōkeis te Eipen pros eme — NA/TR · 8
9
- My companions… saw the light, but vvv they could not understand the voice of the [One] speaking to me.
δὲ οἱ ὄντες σὺν ἐμοὶ μὲν ἐθεάσαντο τὸ φῶς δὲ οὐκ ἤκουσαν τὴν φωνὴν τοῦ λαλοῦντός μοι de hoi ontes syn emoi men etheasanto to phōs de ouk ēkousan tēn phōnēn tou lalountos moi — NA/TR · 9
10
Then I asked, ‘What should I do, Lord? ‘Get up [and] go into Damascus, - [He] told… me. ‘There you will be told all that you have been appointed to do.
δέ Εἶπον Τί ποιήσω Κύριε Ἀναστὰς πορεύου εἰς Δαμασκόν δὲ Ὁ Κύριος εἶπεν πρός με κἀκεῖ σοι λαληθήσεται περὶ πάντων ὧν σοι τέτακταί ποιῆσαι de Eipon Ti poiēsō Kyrie Anastas poreuou eis Damaskon de Ho Kyrios eipen pros me kakei soi lalēthēsetai peri pantōn hōn soi tetaktai poiēsai — NA/TR · 10
11
- Because the brilliance of the light vvv had blinded me -, my companions… vvv led me by the hand into Damascus.
δὲ Ὡς τῆς δόξης ἐκείνου τοῦ φωτὸς οὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ ὑπὸ τῶν συνόντων μοι ἦλθον χειραγωγούμενος εἰς Δαμασκόν de Hōs tēs doxēs ekeinou tou phōtos ouk eneblepon apo hypo tōn synontōn moi ēlthon cheiragōgoumenos eis Damaskon — NA/TR · 11
12
[There] a man [named] Ananias, a devout observer of the law [who was] highly regarded by all the Jews living there,
δέ τις ἀνὴρ Ἁνανίας εὐλαβὴς κατὰ τὸν νόμον μαρτυρούμενος ὑπὸ πάντων τῶν Ἰουδαίων κατοικούντων de tis anēr Hananias eulabēs kata ton nomon martyroumenos hypo pantōn tōn Ioudaiōn katoikountōn — NA/TR · 12
13
came and stood beside me. ‘Brother Saul, he said -, ‘receive your sight. And at that [moment] I could see… him.
ἐλθὼν πρὸς καὶ ἐπιστὰς ἐμὲ ἀδελφέ Σαοὺλ εἶπέν μοι ἀνάβλεψον κἀγὼ τῇ αὐτῇ ὥρᾳ ἀνέβλεψα εἰς αὐτόν elthōn pros kai epistas eme adelphe Saoul eipen moi anablepson kagō tē autē hōra aneblepsa eis auton — NA/TR · 13
14
Then he said, ‘The God of our fathers has appointed you to know His will and to see the Righteous One and to hear [His] voice…
δὲ Ὁ εἶπεν Ὁ Θεὸς ἡμῶν τῶν πατέρων προεχειρίσατό σε γνῶναι αὐτοῦ τὸ θέλημα καὶ ἰδεῖν τὸν Δίκαιον καὶ ἀκοῦσαι φωνὴν ἐκ αὐτοῦ τοῦ στόματος de Ho eipen Ho Theos hēmōn tōn paterōn proecheirisato se gnōnai autou to thelēma kai idein ton Dikaion kai akousai phōnēn ek autou tou stomatos — NA/TR · 14
15
- You will be His witness to everyone… of what you have seen and heard.
ὅτι ἔσῃ αὐτῷ μάρτυς πρὸς πάντας ἀνθρώπους ὧν ἑώρακας καὶ ἤκουσας hoti esē autō martys pros pantas anthrōpous hōn heōrakas kai ēkousas — NA/TR · 15
16
And now what are you waiting for? Get up, be baptized, and wash your sins {away}, calling on His name.
καὶ νῦν τί μέλλεις ἀναστὰς βάπτισαι καὶ ἀπόλουσαι σου τὰς ἁμαρτίας ἐπικαλεσάμενος αὐτοῦ τὸ ὄνομα kai nyn ti melleis anastas baptisai kai apolousai sou tas hamartias epikalesamenos autou to onoma — NA/TR · 16
17
Later -, [when] I had returned to Jerusalem and was praying at the temple, I fell into a trance
δέ Ἐγένετο μοι ὑποστρέψαντι εἰς Ἰερουσαλὴμ καὶ μου προσευχομένου ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ με γενέσθαι ἐν ἐκστάσει de Egeneto moi hypostrepsanti eis Ierousalēm kai mou proseuchomenou en tō hierō me genesthai en ekstasei — NA/TR · 17
18
and saw [the Lord] saying to me, ‘Hurry! Leave… Jerusalem vvv quickly, because vvv [the people here] will not accept your testimony about Me.
καὶ ἰδεῖν αὐτὸν λέγοντά μοι Σπεῦσον καὶ ἔξελθε ἐξ Ἰερουσαλήμ ἐν τάχει διότι οὐ παραδέξονταί σου μαρτυρίαν περὶ ἐμοῦ kai idein auton legonta moi Speuson kai exelthe ex Ierousalēm en tachei dioti ou paradexontai sou martyrian peri emou — NA/TR · 18
19
‘Lord, I answered, ‘vvv they know very well that in one synagogue after another I vvv imprisoned and beat those who believed in You.
Κύριε Κἀγὼ εἶπον αὐτοὶ ἐπίστανται ὅτι κατὰ συναγωγὰς τὰς ἐγὼ ἤμην φυλακίζων καὶ δέρων τοὺς πιστεύοντας ἐπὶ σέ Kyrie Kagō eipon autoi epistantai hoti kata synagōgas tas egō ēmēn phylakizōn kai derōn tous pisteuontas epi se — NA/TR · 19
20
And when the blood of Your witness Stephen was shed, I vvv stood there vvv giving my approval and watching over the garments of those who killed him.
καὶ ὅτε τὸ αἷμα σου τοῦ μάρτυρός Στεφάνου ἐξεχύννετο καὶ αὐτὸς ἤμην ἐφεστὼς καὶ συνευδοκῶν καὶ φυλάσσων τὰ ἱμάτια τῶν ἀναιρούντων αὐτόν kai hote to haima sou tou martyros Stephanou exechynneto kai autos ēmēn ephestōs kai syneudokōn kai phylassōn ta himatia tōn anairountōn auton — NA/TR · 20
21
Then He said to me, ‘Go! I will send you far away to [the] Gentiles.
Καὶ εἶπεν πρός με Πορεύου ὅτι ἐγὼ ἐξαποστελῶ σε μακρὰν εἰς ἔθνη Kai eipen pros me Poreuou hoti egō exapostelō se makran eis ethnē — NA/TR · 21
Paul the Roman Citizen
22
- [The crowd] listened to [Paul] until he made this statement… Then they lifted up their voices [and] shouted, “Rid the earth of [him]! vvv He is not fit… to live!
δὲ Ἤκουον αὐτοῦ ἄχρι τοῦ λόγου τούτου καὶ ἐπῆραν αὐτῶν τὴν φωνὴν λέγοντες Αἶρε τὸν τῆς γῆς ἀπὸ τοιοῦτον γὰρ οὐ καθῆκεν αὐτὸν ζῆν de Ēkouon autou achri tou logou toutou kai epēran autōn tēn phōnēn legontes Aire ton tēs gēs apo toiouton gar ou kathēken auton zēn — NA/TR · 22
23
[As] they were shouting and throwing off [their] cloaks and tossing dust into the air,
τε αὐτῶν Κραυγαζόντων καὶ ῥιπτούντων τὰ ἱμάτια καὶ βαλλόντων κονιορτὸν εἰς τὸν ἀέρα te autōn Kraugazontōn kai rhiptountōn ta himatia kai ballontōn koniorton eis ton aera — NA/TR · 23
24
the commander ordered that [Paul] be brought into the barracks. He directed that [Paul] be flogged and interrogated to determine vvv the reason for this outcry against him.
ὁ χιλίαρχος ἐκέλευσεν αὐτὸν εἰσάγεσθαι εἰς τὴν παρεμβολήν εἴπας αὐτὸν μάστιξιν ἀνετάζεσθαι ἵνα ἐπιγνῷ ἣν αἰτίαν δι’ οὕτως ἐπεφώνουν αὐτῷ ho chiliarchos ekeleusen auton eisagesthai eis tēn parembolēn eipas auton mastixin anetazesthai hina epignō hēn aitian di’ houtōs epephōnoun autō — NA/TR · 24
25
But as they stretched him out… vvv to strap him down, Paul said to the centurion standing there, “vvv Is it lawful for you to flog a Roman citizen without a trial?
δὲ Ὡς προέτειναν αὐτὸν τοῖς ἱμᾶσιν ὁ Παῦλος εἶπεν πρὸς τὸν ἑκατόνταρχον ἑστῶτα Εἰ ἔξεστιν ὑμῖν μαστίζειν ἄνθρωπον Ῥωμαῖον καὶ ἀκατάκριτον de Hōs proeteinan auton tois himasin ho Paulos eipen pros ton hekatontarchon hestōta Ei exestin hymin mastizein anthrōpon Rhōmaion kai akatakriton — NA/TR · 25
26
[On] hearing [this], the centurion went [and] reported [it] to the commander. “What are you going to do? he said. “- This man is a Roman citizen.
δὲ Ἀκούσας ὁ ἑκατοντάρχης προσελθὼν ἀπήγγειλεν τῷ χιλιάρχῳ Τί μέλλεις ποιεῖν λέγων γὰρ οὗτος ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐστιν Ῥωμαῖός de Akousas ho hekatontarchēs proselthōn apēngeilen tō chiliarchō Ti melleis poiein legōn gar houtos ho anthrōpos estin Rhōmaios — NA/TR · 26
27
- The commander went to [Paul] and asked, “Tell me, are you a Roman citizen? “Yes, - he answered.
δὲ ὁ χιλίαρχος Προσελθὼν αὐτῷ εἶπεν Λέγε μοι εἶ σὺ Ῥωμαῖος Ναί δὲ Ὁ ἔφη de ho chiliarchos Proselthōn autō eipen Lege moi ei sy Rhōmaios Nai de Ho ephē — NA/TR · 27
28
“I paid a high price [for my] citizenship, said the commander. “But I vvv was born a citizen, - Paul replied.
Ἐγὼ ἐκτησάμην πολλοῦ κεφαλαίου ταύτην τὴν πολιτείαν δὲ Ἀπεκρίθη ὁ χιλίαρχος δὲ Ἐγὼ καὶ γεγέννημαι Δὲ ὁ Παῦλος ἔφη Egō ektēsamēn pollou kephalaiou tautēn tēn politeian de Apekrithē ho chiliarchos de Egō kai gegennēmai De ho Paulos ephē — NA/TR · 28
29
At once… those who were about to interrogate [Paul] stepped back…, and the commander [himself] was alarmed when he realized… that vvv he had put a Roman citizen {in chains}.
οὖν Εὐθέως οἱ μέλλοντες ἀνετάζειν αὐτὸν ἀπέστησαν ἀπ’ αὐτοῦ καὶ ὁ χιλίαρχος δὲ ἐφοβήθη ἐπιγνοὺς ὅτι ἐστιν καὶ ὅτι αὐτὸν ἦν δεδεκώς Ῥωμαῖός oun Eutheōs hoi mellontes anetazein auton apestēsan ap’ autou kai ho chiliarchos de ephobēthē epignous hoti estin kai hoti auton ēn dedekōs Rhōmaios — NA/TR · 29
30
- The next day [the commander], wanting to learn the real reason… [Paul] was accused by the Jews, released him and ordered the chief priests and the whole Sanhedrin to assemble. Then he brought Paul {down} and had him stand before them.
δὲ Τῇ ἐπαύριον βουλόμενος γνῶναι τὸ ἀσφαλὲς τί τὸ κατηγορεῖται ὑπὸ τῶν Ἰουδαίων ἔλυσεν αὐτόν καὶ ἐκέλευσεν τοὺς ἀρχιερεῖς καὶ τὸ πᾶν συνέδριον συνελθεῖν καὶ καταγαγὼν τὸν Παῦλον ἔστησεν εἰς αὐτούς de Tē epaurion boulomenos gnōnai to asphales ti to katēgoreitai hypo tōn Ioudaiōn elysen auton kai ekeleusen tous archiereis kai to pan synedrion synelthein kai katagagōn ton Paulon estēsen eis autous — NA/TR · 30